Dati di Perforazione dei Munizioni Anticarro Sovietiche della Seconda Guerra Mondiale
One of due 152 mm ML-20 Howitzers displayed al Memorial dell’armata sovietica in Berlin. The memorial is tre minutes walking distance from Brandenburg Gate, heading towards the Siegessäule monument. The memorial was built soon after la seconda guerra mondiale, ed it ended up in West Berlin when the Wall divided the city. Following German unification the memorial fell into serious disrepair, e the area was closed off. The howitzers e the due carri armati T-34 were in bad condition: the paint had faded e was flaking off. Apparently, the Memorial dell’Armata Sovietica is undergoing repair, e the military equipaggiamento will be restored.
The table lists armour penetration values for anti-tank weapons della fanteria sovietica as well as cannoni sovietici da 0 al 100 metri range e 0 degrees inclination of armour. Dates indicate the year when a particular shell type entered production, not necessarily the year of availability to combat units. New shell types would take several months to reach the troops at the front, some favoured units receiving the new shells more quickly than others. Andrew Mark Reid is the author of Panzergranate, a set of regolamenti di wargame using prudentamente researched gunnery data to simulate armour penetration results.
| Anti-Tank Rifles | Shell Type | Penetration |
|---|---|---|
| 14.5 mm P.T.R.S. | A.P. | 38 mm |
| 14.5 mm P.T.R.D. | A.P. | 38 mm |
| The P.T.R.D. is a semi-automatic version of the P.T.R.S. anti-tank rifle. Both weapons were also employed for long-range sniping out to 3000 o 4000 metres, using a modified telescopic sight. Typical crew consisted of due men, gunner e caricatore. The caricatore was armed con a PPSh SMG for close defence. Many photos of this weapon show smoke grenades e conventional grenades at the ready nearby on the ground. In fact, the Soviet anti-tank rifles are the most common weapon seen in period photos, ed it is surprising that only Revell offers fanteria sovietica armed con one of these weapons. | ||
| Anti-Tank Devices, Rocket Projectors | Warhead | Penetration |
| Dog Mine | Explosive (Wracking) | 20 mm (Approx.) |
| The Russian Dog Mine is described in The Book
of Heroic Failures Volume I. The weapon was supposed to work as follows: The dogs were kept hungry, e they were only fed underneath running tanks, to familiarize them con the high noise level. The dogs were then trained to get used to carrying a large weight of explosives (T.N.T.) strapped to their backs e sides. In operation, the dogs would be taken to the battlefield, e released when enemy carri armati were clearly visible. The dogs would run underneath the veicoli nemici, expecting to be fed, e the device would be set off con catastrophic results for the tank, e the unsuspecting
animal, of course.
In actual use, the device did not work as planned. The dogs had been trained underneath Soviet tanks, e they only expected to be fed there, not underneath veicoli nemici. As a result, when they were first deployed in 1941, the dogs immediately made a beeline for the nearest veicoli sovietici. Apparently, an entire tank division had to be withdrawn from the combat zone until the fanteria had shot all the uncontrollable mine dogs. The device remained in use, e Soviet sources claim that several carri armati nemici were destroyed in this way at the Battle of Kursk. German sources dispute this claim, although it is known that dogs in the combat zone were shot on sight if the use of dog mines was suspected. | ||
| V.P.G.S. 40 Grenade | H.C. (Munroe) | 30 mm |
| The V.P.G.S. 40 was a stick grenade. It is not certain if this grenade used a chaped charge o if it was a chemical thermide grenade designed to burn its way through armour plate. The former is more likely, ed its relatively poor performance may be explained by the poor quality of Soviet explosives. | ||
| R.P.G. 40 Rifle Grenade | H.C. (Munroe) | 30 mm |
| A rifle grenade version of the V.P.G.S. 40 grenade, it had a maximum projected range of 60 metres. | ||
| V.P.R.S. Grenade | H.C. (Munroe) | 76 mm |
| The Soviet V.P.R.S. grenade required a very strong individual to throw it, the device resembles a large paint can con a handle attached underneath. | ||
| 50 mm Bazooka (U.S.) | H.C. (Munroe) | 119 mm |
| Soviet forces received a Lend-Lease shipment of American Bazookas in 1942, some of which were captured by the Wehrmacht, leading to the development of Panzerschreck e Panzerfaust anti-tank weapons. Bazooka, e Panzerschreck rocket projectors are missile weapons which produce a less dangerous backblast than the Panzerfaust, although the backblast is still noticeable enough to reveal the firing position. Rocket projectors can be fired from enclosed spaces con minimal risk to the operator, e there is enough historic evidence to suggest that this was done in combat. | ||
| Faustpatrone/Panzerfaust 50 Klein (German) | H.C. (Munroe) | 153 mm |
| Faustpatrone/Panzerfaust 100 Klein (German) | H.C. (Munroe) | 219 mm |
| Soviet troops often used captured Panzerfaust launchers in combat. Recoilless weapons like the Panzerfaust, e Russian RPG-1 copies of the same, had a tremendous backblast which made it nearly impossible to fire the weapon from buildings, bunkers, e similarly enclosed positions. In the heat of battle, this important safety instruction was often ignored, resulting in many accidental caduti among the operators. In addition, the noticeable backblast would draw enemy return fire to the firing position. | ||
| Tank ed Anti-Tank Guns | Shell Type | Penetration |
| 20 mm L.107 T.N.S.H. (ShVak.) | A.P.H.E. (1941) | 28 mm |
| H.V.A.P. (1942) | 60 mm | |
| 25 mm L.91.6 Flak | A.P.H.E. (1941) | 57 mm |
| H.V.A.P. (1942) | 74 mm | |
| 37 mm L.33 Hotchkiss Tank Gun | A.P. | 34 mm |
| A.P.H.E. | 28 mm | |
| Un cannone francese, not adopted by the armata francese. Hotchkiss 30 mm L.33 guns were exported to Russia, to be mounted on carri armati leggeri T-18, ed autoblindi BA-27. The T-18 was similar to the Renault FT-17 francese, only faster e better armed. Carri armati T-18 were to be used primarily for training purposes, but enormous losses of T-26 carri armati leggeri meant that the T-18 was pressed into combat service as an fanteria tank. The BA-27 autoblindo mounted a T-18 torretta. The 37 mm L.33 was also the main armament of the carro armato leggero T-23, a longer e bigger version of the T-18, from the early 1930s, e the twin turreted early carro armato leggero T-26.B which replaced it. The BT-2 fast tank con twin torrette also used the 37 mm L.33, but the BT-3 fast tank was upgraded to a 37 mm L.45 gun in a single torretta. | ||
| 37 mm L.33 T.G. | A.P.H.E. | 30 mm |
| H.V.A.P. | 37 mm | |
| 37 mm L.45 M.1935 | A.P.H.E. | 42 mm |
| H.V.A.P. | 51 mm | |
| A copy of the cannone anticarro tedesco da 3.7 cm PaK 35. | ||
| 37 mm L.74 Flak | A.P.H.E. (1941) | 69 mm |
| H.V.A.P. (1942) | 88 mm | |
| 45 mm L.46 PTP M.1937 Anti-Tank Gun | A.P.H.E. (1941) | 52 mm |
| H.V.A.P. (1942) | 64 mm | |
| A.P.D.S. (1945) | 96 mm | |
| The 45 mm L.46 gun was the main armament of carri armati sovietici T-26, T-50, T-70, BT-5, e BT-7, ed autoblindi BA-10, e BA-32. | ||
| 45 mm L.66 PTP M.1941 Anti-Tank Gun | A.P.H.E. (1941) | 74 mm |
| H.V.A.P. (1942) | 102 mm | |
| A.P.D.S. (1945) | 138 mm | |
| 57 mm L.73 ZIS-2 A.T.G./T.G. | A.P.H.E. (1941) | 104 mm |
| H.V.A.P. (1942) | 128 mm | |
| A.P.D.S. (1945) | 194 mm | |
| 76.2 mm L.16.5 M.1927 I.G. | A.P.H.E. (Any Year) | 38 mm |
| 76.2 mm L.26 M.1930 Field Gun | A.P.H.E. (Any Year) | 58 mm |
| A modernized version of the Czarist 76.2 mm L.26 M.1902 Putilov field gun, it was used as the main armament of the BT-8 e T-28.B tank. | ||
| 76.2 mm L.30.5 Tank Gun M.1934 | A.P.H.E. (1941) | 69 mm |
| H.V.A.P. (1942) | 75 mm | |
| H.E.A.T. (1944) | 75 mm | |
| 76.2 mm L.42 F-34 Tank Gun | A.P.H.E. (1941) | 81 mm |
| H.V.A.P. (1942) | 104 mm | |
| H.E.A.T. (1944) | 75 mm | |
| A.P.D.S. (1945) | 149 mm | |
| This gun was known as ZIS-5 when mounted in carri pesanti KV-1. | ||
| 76.2 mm L.54 ZIS-3 A.T.G. M.42 | A.P.H.E. (1941) | 104 mm |
| H.V.A.P. (1942) | 133 mm | |
| A.P.D.S. (1945) | 191 mm | |
| Cannone contraerei da 76,2 mm L.54 D-6 | A.P.H.E. (1941) | 104 mm |
| H.V.A.P. (1942) | 133 mm | |
| A.P.D.S. (1945) | 191 mm | |
| Cannone contraerei/carro da 85 mm L.54 D-7 | A.P.H.E. (1941) | 130 mm |
| H.V.A.P. (1942) | 168 mm | |
| A.P.D.S. (1945) | 240 mm | |
| Cannone contraerei/carro da 100 mm L.56 D-10 | A.P.H.E. (1941) | 158 mm |
| H.V.A.P. (1942) | 205 mm | |
| A.P.D.S. (1945) | 261 mm | |
| 100 mm L.59.9 BS-3 M.1944 Anti-Tank Gun | A.P.H.E. | 169 mm |
| H.V.A.P. | 219 mm | |
| A.P.D.S. | 279 mm | |
| The cannone anticarro M.1944 was developed from the cannone contraerei D-10 listed above, ed it may have been the 100 mm L.59.9 shown here. | ||
| 122 mm L.46 D-25T Tank Gun M.1938 | A.P.H.E. (1941) | 145 mm |
| H.V.A.P. (1942) | 205 mm | |
| A.P.D.S. (1945) | 261 mm | |
| H.E.A.T. (1944) | 200 mm | |
| 152 mm L.28.8 ML-20 Howitzer M.1930 | A.P.H.E. (1941) | 73 mm |
| C.P.H.E. (1941) | 124 mm | |
| H.V.A.P. (1942) | 102 mm | |
| A.P.D.S. (1945) | 131 mm | |
| H.E.A.T. (1944) | 200 mm | |
Soviet guns suffered from very poor propellant. The calculated propellant constant is not much greater than that for gun powder.
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Soldatini Sovietici-Russi della Seconda Guerra Mondiale
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